**J.R.R. Tolkien**
**Biography**
J.R.R. Tolkien was an English philologist, University of Oxford professor, and writer. He is best known as the author of the fantasy novels The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, which have been adapted several times for radio, stage, and film.
Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa, on January 3, 1892. He moved to England with his family at the age of three. He attended King Edward's School in Birmingham, where he developed a love of languages. He studied philology at Oxford University, where he received his doctorate in 1915.
After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in the British Army during World War I. He was wounded in the Battle of the Somme and was invalided out of the army in 1916. After the war, he returned to Oxford and became a professor of Anglo-Saxon.
Tolkien began writing The Hobbit in 1937, and it was published in 1938. The book was a critical and commercial success, and it led to the publication of The Lord of the Rings trilogy, which was published between 1954 and 1955.
Tolkien continued to write and publish throughout his life. He also translated several works of Old English literature, including Beowulf. He died in Bournemouth, England, on September 2, 1973.
**Book Summary**
The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy trilogy written by English philologist and University of Oxford professor J. R. R. Tolkien. The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit, but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, with much of it being written during World War II, it was originally published in three volumes in 1954 and 1955. It has since been reprinted numerous times and translated into at least 38 languages, becoming one of the best-selling novels ever written.
The story is set in Middle-earth, an ancient land of elves, dwarves, hobbits, and men. The story begins as the Dark Lord Sauron, the story's main antagonist, seeks to rule all of Middle-earth by searching for the One Ring, an evil artifact created by the Dark Lord himself. The ring was stolen from Sauron by the hobbit Bilbo Baggins, and it is now in the possession of Bilbo's nephew Frodo. Frodo and eight companions, known as the Fellowship of the Ring, set out on a journey to destroy the Ring in the fires of Mount Doom, the only place where it can be destroyed.
Along the way, the Fellowship is broken up, and Frodo and his companion Samwise Gamgee continue the journey alone. They are pursued by Sauron's forces, including the Nazgûl, a group of undead warriors. Frodo and Sam eventually reach Mount Doom, but they are attacked by Gollum, a creature who once possessed the Ring. Gollum bites off Frodo's finger and claims the Ring for himself, falling into the fires of Mount Doom and destroying it.
The destruction of the Ring leads to Sauron's defeat, and peace is restored to Middle-earth. Frodo and Sam are hailed as heroes, and they return to the Shire, where they live out their remaining days in peace.
**Conclusion**
J.R.R. Tolkien was a groundbreaking author who created one of the most beloved fantasy worlds of all time. His works have inspired generations of writers and readers, and they continue to be enjoyed by people of all ages.
يمكنكم طرح اسئلتكم والعودة للمنصة من خلال البحث في جوجل عن: اسال المنهاج
